Using interior partitions on a frame base is a great way to zone a room. The installation of these structures will not take much time and will not require serious investments. Especially if you install a frame made of wooden bars as a base.
Installation of a wooden frame
The material for the frame is chosen based on the parameters of the future partition: the higher and longer it is, the larger the cross-section of the frame elements should be. For the partition frame with dimensions of 2. 5×4 or 2. 5×5 m,you can take bars with a cross section of 60×80 mm. Before installation, they must be treated with fire-and bioprotective impregnations.
Installing the harness
Work begins with the installation of the harness. The strapping bars are attached to the floor, ceiling and walls. If the floors are wooden, the task is simplified, since ordinary nails are enough to fasten the bars. With a beam thickness of 60 mm, nails with a length of 100 mm are quite enough. If the walls are concrete or brick plastered, the binding is fixed with dowels-nails-to the wall and floor and anchors – to the ceiling.
Having outlined the boundaries of the partition on the upper floor, the beam is screwed or nailed to it, after which the location of the lower element of the binding is outlined. They do this with a plumb line, a level rule, or more modern tools, such as a laser level.
When using traditional tools along the length of the partition, you need to make at least three marks — at each of the walls and in the middle. Then the lower bar is attached to the floor and once again check the correctness of its location relative to the upper one. After that, vertical strapping elements are installed on the walls, connecting the floor and ceiling bars.
Since the main load from the future partition falls on the binding, it is necessary to fasten it as securely as possible — with a mounting step of no more than 40 cm. But first, you need to make sure the strength of the walls themselves. If they are made of cellular concrete, it is better to use specialized dowels that are designed specifically for this material. In extreme cases, you can do with wooden stoppers, which are driven into the prepared holes, and then screwed into them with screws.
Another method of fastening the harness is using straight suspensions used when installing metal frames. If the walls are sufficiently strong and smooth (for example, concrete), then this is the most convenient and fastest way to fix the beam.
Installation of vertical racks
After the frame of the structure is installed in place, and checked for verticality, it is time to put the racks. For them, use a bar of the same cross-section as for strapping the frame. The racks are usually arranged in 60 cm increments. With this step, each standard sheet of drywall is attached to three supports.
You can mount the racks in different ways. The easiest way is with the help of sawn wooden bars, which are attached with screws to the vertical rack itself and to the binding. A more reliable method - attach the rack with metal corners, which can be easily made from straight suspensions or purchased ready-made.
Horizontal lintels are also cut out of the same timber. Fasten them by passing the self-tapping screw directly through the vertical posts on one side and on the other. You can strengthen the joints with metal corners. If a doorway is provided in the partition, then it is framed with additional posts and a horizontal lintel. They are made of timber of the same cross-section as the entire frame, or slightly larger.
Partition wall cladding
When the frame is ready, the cladding is started. Fasten the sheets with screws with a wide cap. It is better to cut the sheets in such a way that they do not join over the window and door openings — this can lead to chipping of the edges. Where this cannot be avoided, an additional bar is placed at the junction, to which the edges of the sheets are attached.
If the partition is supposed to use heat and sound insulation, then its installation is started after facing on one side.
Currently, the market offers many insulation options. Both foamed and mineral wool materials are well suited. The spacing between the posts should correspond to the standard width of the insulation materials, which will facilitate the work.
It is better to glue rigid panels to the inside of the already installed drywall. If at the same time there are small cavities between the plates, they can be filled with mineral wool. When sheathing partitions with drywall on the second side, it is necessary to remember: in order to avoid cracking of the frame racks, when screwing in a large number of screws, the joints of the sheets should be separated from the joints of the already mounted cladding. To do this, they are shifted one step to the right or left.
There should be a gap of about 3-4 mm between the upper edge of the sheet and the ceiling, which will protect the upper edge from chipping. This gap is subsequently closed with a ceiling skirting board. The covering of the frame must be carried out sequentially from one edge. The screws must be screwed into the frame posts perpendicular to the surface of the skin.
Expanded interior partitions
The design of the partitions on a double wooden frame allows you to solve the problem of laying engineering communications inside the partition and even install water heating batteries in them. In width, such partitions are much larger than those discussed above.
For the installation of an extended partition, two bindings are installed, spaced at a distance sufficient to accommodate communications. All operations during the installation of the frame are performed in the same way as in the first case. First, determine the distance by which the two frames will be separated from each other, then mount the strapping bars and vertical racks. After one side of the partition is lined, all the necessary communications are laid inside it in pipes or special boxes.
It is also possible to install inside the partition and heating batteries, although this will require additional work. The batteries are installed closer to one of the sides, and opposite them in the drywall mounted ventilation grilles.
There is a way to increase the internal volume of the partition without installing a double frame. In this variant, the strapping frame is installed alone, but the vertical posts are attached to the side edges of the strapping bars, as a result of which the partition becomes wider. In this case, it also simplifies the installation of racks to the frame — no transition bars or corners are needed.
In addition to options with a single-layer facing with hypocarbon, there are designs in which sheets are laid in two layers on each side of the partition. In this case, the drywall is attached to the bars in such a way that the upper sheet overlaps the joint of the lower layer of sheets. After completing the installation of drywall sheets, the seams at the joints of the sheets and the screw heads are putty, and then proceed to finishing.