Winter-this event happens every year, and at about the same time. Nevertheless, from year to year does not pass a sense of surprise! The approach of cold weather predictably causes all sorts of thoughts about heat. Become relevant topics “how to tie a sweater”, “how to cook mulled wine”and, of course,” how to install the boiler.”
Boilers are different, but here we will talk about the subtleties of the installation of solid fuel boiler, and more — in a wooden house.
The arrangement of the boiler room
The first question that needs to be solved wishing to establish in the wooden house the copper on solid fuel, is a question of allocation of the special room.
For solid fuel boilers, the requirements for the arrangement of the room are not as strict as for heat generators on liquid fuel or gas. However, there are restrictions and rules that affect the effective, long-term, trouble-free operation of the equipment and your safety.
Separate room
The best option is to plan its location at the design stage of the house. But this is not always possible: it happens that the heat generator is already installed in the finished house or in the reconstruction of old housing.
The room for installation of the boiler must be non-residential. It is not recommended to arrange it and adjacent to the living rooms, as well as placed under the stairs and attics. The room can not be used as a pantry, cluttering things and objects that are not related to the equipment of the boiler room.
For units with a total capacity (for heating and hot water) less than 150 kW can be placed on any floor. If the power of the heating equipment from 150 to 500 kW, the boiler can be placed only on the ground, in the basement or basement, and even better in a separate Annex to the main structure, especially if it is a wooden house.
The extension for a boiler room arrange from a blank wall, thus distance to window and doorways has to be not less than one meter. Non — combustible materials are used for the construction and decoration of this auxiliary room-able to withstand fire for at least 45 minutes.
The Foundation of the boiler house should not be connected with the Foundation of the main structure. For the installation of the boiler is possible (recommended) to fill in additional podium height of 150-200 mm. the area of the runway must not be more than 50 mm wider than the dimensions of the heat source.
Think about the version of the device stand-alone boiler. This may be appropriate from an aesthetic point of view, as well as more effective for safety and ease of construction. Boiler, located separately from the house are both complete (containing all the equipment), and solely for the accommodation of the boiler, and the boilers, pumps, automation, etc located in the house. Such designs are referred to as modular mini-boiler-houses.
When size matters
The optimal size of the boiler depends on the selected boiler and other equipment, taking into account convenient maintenance. But its area should be at least 7 m², and the cubic capacity — 15 m³. This is for boilers up to 30 kW. If the equipment is more powerful, add another 0.2 m³ per kilowatt of power. Ceiling height in the furnace — not less than 2.5 m.
How much space to allocate for the installation of the boiler depends on its type and model. If pellets are used as fuel, it is necessary to take into account the size of the hopper, as well as the method of its loading.
For a bunker designed for 400-600 liters, a reserve of space and height is required. For loading it is required to provide a small steady ladder as to lift heavy bags over the head inconveniently.
For boilers on sawdust or husk is important and the method of fuel supply: circulating or screw tedder takes up more space than the pneumatic supply. In addition, the boilers on wood waste have a high fuel tank, and the supply occurs from above. So, the ceiling height should be greater than the standard.
It is not necessary to put a copper closely to walls, around it there should be a free space for service and repair-not less than 500 mm. If two coppers are used, the distance between them is left not less than 1 m.
There should be 2 m of free space in front of the front of the device. In the passport of the boiler manufacturer must specify the installation requirements. Perhaps there are special recommendations concerning your model, so be sure to read the instructions.
About Windows, doors, ventilation, etc
The boiler room must have an opening window for emergency ventilation and daylight. Its size is also regulated. The area of the window is calculated as follows: for each cubic meter of the boiler should account for 0.03 m² of glazing.
In the boiler room, regardless of whether it is in a technical room inside the house, or in a special Annex, it is necessary to make a separate entrance across the street. During operation of the boiler the door should not be locked. It is recommended to install the door is not already 800 mm.
If you plan an additional entrance from the residential part of the house to the boiler room, you need to fulfill several requirements:
- the door should open from the house to the boiler room;
- it should be tight and not concede in residential areas of gases;
- the door must withstand the action of fire for 15 minutes without loss of integrity and thermal insulation qualities: choose metal or metal upholstered.
The boiler room is necessarily equipped with a supply and exhaust ventilation system. For combustion, oxygen is needed, so the hood should provide a three-time air exchange per hour, and the inflow — in the amount of the extract volume, plus the air necessary for combustion. Combustion of 1 m³ of solid fuel requires 9 m³ of air. Should not be combined into a unified system of ventilation and boiler house.
The place of installation of the boiler is equipped with a drain into the sewer-if it is necessary to drain the coolant to repair the equipment. In addition to the usual lamp, in the boiler room it is necessary to provide emergency lighting. Here it is possible to equip the place for storage of fuel, however its volume should not exceed 1 m³.
Chimney
Properly arranged chimney-the key to fire safety and good operation of the boiler. The cross-section of the chimney should meet the passport parameters: it is not allowed narrowing along the entire length.
Channels for the disposal of combustion products are made of metal or ceramics, including brick. Chimneys can pass inside the house or on the outer wall of the building. Pipes located on the street should be insulated along the entire length to prevent condensation.
To ensure normal traction chimney should be of sufficient length. To exclude the influence of wind support, it is necessary to place the head of the chimney relative to the ridge of the roof and high structural elements.
Do not try to save on the heating system at home. After all, heat-one of the basic needs of man, in contrast to the fashionable Wallpaper or hot tub. Don’t forget — winter is near!
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