Is it possible to replace the rotten timber of the lower binding at the frame extension if it is located very close to the ground? The answer is positive. But, of course, you will have to tinker.
The problem of replacing rotten timber is not uncommon. Each house has its own construction of the foundation and walls. The soils on which they stand and the terrain are different. Therefore, before proceeding to repair, it is necessary to carefully analyze all the features of the structure.
Do I need a deep foundation?
A frame veranda is a light structure. If the foundation of the house is laid below the freezing level of the soil and the house is heavy, then when the heaving soil freezes with the lateral surface of the foundation, the building remains practically stationary.
But the shallow foundation of the extension in the conditions of heaving will rise and fall every season. Together with the base, the frame will move up and down with the house practically stationary. Such dynamics will not lead to anything good: the connections will become loose and begin to collapse.
The conclusion is obvious: the foundation under the veranda must be buried, as well as under the main structure. If the support of the house is shallow, then for the extension you need to build the same — with a similar base. This means to make a sand cushion of the same thickness and ensure the same deepening of the sole of the foundation.
But in the construction of the extension, the possibility of its free movement relative to the house should be provided, since it is unlikely that it will be possible to reduce to zero the difference in the displacements of the main building and the veranda when the deep soil freezes.
Preparatory stage
The sequence of actions during the repair of the lower binding can be as follows.
Dig a trench along the beam to be replaced. Technological stops — bosses are nailed to the posts of the frame of the structure. Two or three jacks are installed on the bottom of the trench through wooden linings (depending on the size and weight of the structure), and with the help of supports they lift the extension, tearing it from the foundation (Fig. 1).
The trench is expanded as far as it can be reached with a shovel, thereby freeing up space for work under the wall of the extension. A wooden beam is placed under the logs to hold them in a given position during repair. Then the formwork is installed and foundation supports with an expanded base are cast from concrete.
Fig. 1. The scheme of replacement of the bed. A). Wall hanging: 1 — technological stop; 2 — beam with a cross section of 100 × 100 mm; 3 — lag; 4 — old beam; 5 — jack; 6 — wedge (if necessary); 7 — removable soil (after installing the jacks). B). Repair of strapping and foundation construction: 1 — a new beam; 2 — temporary support of the log; 3 — a new log fastened with the remnants of the old one; 4 — an adjustable anchor; 5 — a foundation column; 6 — a steel pipe.
It is quite difficult to align the top of the supports of the new foundation in difficult conditions, so you can not strive to accurately bring the upper planes of the columns to a given level. It is better to use adjustable screw anchors made of threaded studs and steel plates. The old beam of the lower binding is dismantled. If the logs embedded in it are very rotten, then it is advisable to cut off the ends of the logs.
Replacing the beam
New boards are installed under the flooring and they are knocked down with nails or bolted together with suitable remnants of old logs. After that, a new lower strapping bar is installed (it can be assembled from two or three boards-fifty) and connected to the logs with metal beam brackets.
The beam supporting the logs is removed and the wall is lowered onto the foundation supports, and then the position of the extension is adjusted using adjustable anchors. In conclusion, the trench is backfilled, not forgetting the drainage and blind area.
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